Acne Treatment in Katraj| Dr. Sandhya Hippargekar

Understanding Acne

Causes of Acne

• Excess Oil Production: The sebaceous glands in the skin produce oil to keep it moisturized, but excessive sebum can clog pores and lead to breakouts.
• Clogged Hair Follicles: Dead skin cells and oil can block hair follicles, causing whiteheads and blackheads.
• Bacterial Infection: The bacteria Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) thrive in clogged pores, leading to inflammation and pus-filled pimples.
• Hormonal Changes: Increased hormone levels during puberty, pregnancy, or menstrual cycles can trigger acne by stimulating excess oil production.
• Dietary Factors: Certain foods, such as dairy products and high-glycemic foods (sugary and processed foods), may worsen acne in some individuals.
• Stress: High stress levels can trigger hormonal imbalances, increasing the likelihood of breakouts.
• Use of Wrong Skincare Products: Heavy or oily skincare and cosmetic products can clog pores, exacerbating acne.
• Genetics: If acne runs in your family, you may be more prone to developing it.

Types of Acne

• Whiteheads: Small, closed clogged pores that appear as tiny white bumps.
• Blackheads: Open clogged pores that turn black due to oxidation.
• Papules: Small, red, inflamed bumps that do not contain pus.
• Pustules: Red, inflamed pimples filled with pus.
• Nodules: Large, painful, hard lumps under the skin caused by deep inflammation.
• Cystic Acne: Severe, painful, pus-filled lumps that can cause scarring.

Treatment Options for Acne

• Retinoids: Help unclog pores and promote cell turnover.
• Benzoyl Peroxide: Kills acne-causing bacteria and reduces inflammation.
• Salicylic Acid: Exfoliates the skin and helps clear clogged pores.
• Antibiotic Creams: Reduce bacterial growth and inflammation.

• Oral Antibiotics: Used for moderate to severe acne to reduce bacterial infection and inflammation.
• Hormonal Therapy: Birth control pills and anti-androgen medications can help regulate hormone levels and control acne.
• Isotretinoin (Accutane): A powerful oral medication for severe acne, but requires close monitoring due to potential side effects.

• Chemical Peels: Help exfoliate the skin, reduce oil production, and improve acne scars.
• Laser Therapy: Targets bacteria and reduces inflammation, improving acne over time.
• Microdermabrasion: Gently removes the outer layer of dead skin cells to unclog pores.
• Extraction Procedures: Performed by dermatologists to safely remove whiteheads and blackheads.

Preventing Acne: Skincare Tips

• Follow a Gentle Skincare Routine: Use a mild, oil-free cleanser twice a day to remove dirt and excess oil.
• Avoid Overwashing: Excessive washing can strip the skin of natural oils and cause irritation.
• Use Non-Comedogenic Products: Choose skincare and makeup products labeled as “non-comedogenic” to prevent clogged pores.
• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to keep your skin healthy.
• Avoid Touching Your Face: Touching your face transfers bacteria and oil, leading to breakouts.
• Limit Dairy and Sugary Foods: Some people experience acne flare-ups due to diet, so maintaining a balanced diet may help.
• Manage Stress: Practice stress-relief techniques like meditation, exercise, or yoga to reduce stress-induced acne.
• Use Sunscreen Daily: Sun exposure can worsen acne scars and cause hyperpigmentation. Always use a broad-spectrum sunscreen.

When to See a Dermatologist?