Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is an autoimmune disorder that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells, leading to scaling, inflammation, redness, and discomfort. While psoriasis is not contagious, it can significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Dr. Sandhya Hippargekar, a Consultant Cosmetologist & Dermatologist in Katraj Ambegaon, Pune, specializes in treating psoriasis and other skin disorders, helping patients manage their symptoms effectively.
What is Psoriasis?
Psoriasis is a long-term skin condition that speeds up the skin’s life cycle, causing cells to accumulate on the surface too quickly. These extra skin cells form scales and red patches that can be itchy and sometimes painful. The severity of psoriasis varies from mild patches in small areas to extensive flare-ups covering large parts of the body.
Causes of Psoriasis
The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to an overactive immune system. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, triggering excessive skin cell production. Some common factors that can contribute to psoriasis flare-ups include:
- Genetics – A family history of psoriasis increases the risk of developing the condition.
- Immune System Dysfunction – An abnormal immune response leads to inflammation and rapid skin cell turnover.
- Triggers – Various environmental and lifestyle factors can trigger psoriasis or worsen symptoms, such as:
- Stress
- Infections (e.g., strep throat)
- Skin injuries (cuts, scrapes, sunburns)
- Cold, dry weather
- Certain medications (e.g., beta-blockers, lithium)
Common Symptoms of Psoriasis
Psoriasis symptoms can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. The most common symptoms include:
- Red, inflamed patches of skin covered with silvery-white scales
- Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
- Itching, burning, or soreness in affected areas
- Thickened or ridged nails
- Joint pain and stiffness (in psoriatic arthritis)
Psoriasis can appear on different parts of the body, including the scalp, elbows, knees, lower back, and even nails.
Types of Psoriasis
There are several types of psoriasis, each with unique characteristics:
- Plaque Psoriasis (Psoriasis Vulgaris) – The most common type, characterized by raised, inflamed, red patches covered with silvery scales.
- Guttate Psoriasis – Small, drop-shaped sores, usually triggered by infections.
- Inverse Psoriasis – Smooth, red lesions that develop in skin folds (e.g., under the breasts, around the groin).
- Pustular Psoriasis – White pustules (blisters filled with pus) surrounded by red skin.
- Erythrodermic Psoriasis – A severe, rare form that causes widespread redness, peeling, and pain.
Diagnosis and Treatment
A dermatologist can diagnose psoriasis based on a physical examination and a review of symptoms. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be required to confirm the diagnosis.
While psoriasis has no permanent cure, several treatment options can help manage the symptoms and prevent flare-ups. Dr. Sandhya Hippargekar offers a range of advanced treatments tailored to individual patient needs.
1. Topical Treatments
- Corticosteroid creams – Reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell production.
- Vitamin D analogs – Help control cell growth and scaling.
- Moisturizers and emollients – Keep the skin hydrated to prevent excessive dryness and cracking.
2. Phototherapy (Light Therapy)
Exposure to natural sunlight or controlled UVB light therapy can help slow down skin cell production and reduce inflammation. This treatment is particularly beneficial for moderate to severe cases.
3. Systemic Medications (For Severe Cases)
When topical treatments and light therapy are not effective, oral or injectable medications may be recommended:
- Biologic drugs – Target the immune system to control inflammation.
- Methotrexate and Cyclosporine – Help suppress the immune response.
Lifestyle Tips for Managing Psoriasis
In addition to medical treatments, lifestyle changes can help manage psoriasis flare-ups:
- Moisturize regularly to keep skin hydrated and prevent scaling.
- Avoid triggers such as stress, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption.
- Follow a healthy diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods like fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids.
- Practice stress management techniques like yoga and meditation.
- Protect your skin from excessive sun exposure and injuries.
Psoriasis is a chronic but manageable skin condition. With proper medical treatment and lifestyle adjustments, patients can effectively control their symptoms and improve their quality of life. Dr. Sandhya Hippargekar, a leading expert in dermatology in Katraj Ambegaon, Pune, provides personalized care and advanced treatments to help patients manage psoriasis effectively.
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